Relationship between Politics and Religion

Between the fourth and eleventh centuries, the relationship between politics and religion included religion being used for military aid, papal primacy, rulers enforcing religious orthodoxy, and religion being used for legltlmlaatlon. One of the relationships between religion and politics was papal primacy (church power over ruler power) as seen in documents 3, 4, and 5, In the fifth century, Pope Gelasius told the Roman emperor it was important to deter to papal authority.He wrote this in a demanding and domineering way in order to maintain power over secular rulers Gelaslus I's letter Illustrates the Idea of papal primacy where he tated, â€Å"[P]iously bow your neck to those who have charge of divine affairs† (doc. 3). Since the pope argued that rulers should â€Å"bow† to the clergy, this Indicates the power ot the pope over secular rulers. Similarly, Pope Gregory VII asserted his power over princes and their subjects. Since the Dictatus Papae was a letter. which was candid. It probably portrays the pope's view'S accurately.In the letter the pope claimed he had the power to release people from their ruler's authority, which suggests the pope was superior to rulers In terms of their power (doc. 4), Gregory VII also railed dgdlnst Idy nvestiture (kings appointing bishops). As a pope, he would of course see matters of faith as most Important because he was head of the Church. HIS decree exemplifies papal primacy because he proclaimed, â€Å"[N]o clergyman shall receive Investiture from the hand of the emperor, or the king† (doc. ). By reserving the power to appoint bishops, the pope had more power than emperors and Another document that might further this analysis of papal primacy would be a comparison of the land holdings of kings versus the papacy. This might indicate whether or not wealth contributed to the papacys sense ot superlorlty wer secular rulers. Another relationship between politics and religion was the use of religion for mili tary support as shown In documents 2 and 8.In the late sixth century, Gregory wrote in the account of the conversion of king Clovis bringing about the history of his armys victory between the fight of the Franks and the Alemannl. In the document, It is mentioned that Clovis' passion tor Jesus Christ earned his victory with the fight between his army and the Alemanni and the address of this, suggests that Gregory as the 81shop of Tours was for the divinity of this particular faith. Clovis proclaimed, â€Å"Jesus Christ†¦ o is said to give aid to those in distress and victory to those who hope In you† (doc. 2). This gives off the Impression that religion was much valued when it came to winning a tight between armies. Charlemagne wrote to pope Leo Ill indicating that religion provided for the support of the military. As the king of the Franks, he Is dedicated to have the faith concerning of Jesus Christ whom he Is to glorify and having the authority as the head of the churc h, the belief of Christ Influenced his thoughts on the mllltdry did.The king addressed, â€Å"Cod willing and granting, the Christian people will torever achieve victory over the enemies ot His ame†, which indicates his favor towards the Invocation for military support from his Lord In relation to religion being Invoked for military aid, another document that might further this analysis would be a reference from the annals which might show an L]nblased point of view of religions towards the act of military.Relationship between Politics and Religion BY asdf0801 religious orthodoxy, and religion being used for legitimization. power over ruler power) as seen in documents 3, 4, and 5. In the fifth century, Pope Gelasius I told the Roman emperor it was important to defer to papal authority. He secular rulers. Gelasius I's letter illustrates the idea of papal primacy where he Since the pope argued that rulers should â€Å"bow' to the clergy, this indicates the power of the pope ov er secular rulers.Similarly, Pope Gregory VII asserted his power over princes and their subjects. Since the Dictatus Papae was a letter, which was candid, it probably portrays the pope's views accurately. In the letter the pope claimed he had superior to rulers in terms of their power (doc. 4). Gregory VII also railed against lay faith as most important because he was head of the Church. His decree exemplifies apal primacy because he proclaimed, â€Å"[N]o clergyman shall receive investiture bishops, the pope had more power than emperors and kings.Another document that contributed to the papacy's sense of superiority over secular rulers. military support as shown in documents 2 and 8. In the late sixth century, Gregory army's victory between the fght of the Franks and the Alemanni. In the document, it is mentioned that Clovis' passion for Jesus Christ earned his victory with the fght as the Bishop of Tours was for the divinity of this particular faith. Clovis proclaimed, hope in yo u† (doc. 2). This gives off the impression that religion was much valued when it came to winning a fght between armies.Charlemagne wrote to pope Leo Ill Franks, he is dedicated to have the faith concerning of Jesus Christ whom he is to influenced his thoughts on the military aid. The king addressed, â€Å"God willing and granting, the Christian people will forever achieve victory over the enemies of His name†, which indicates his favor towards the invocation for military support from his Lord. In relation to religion being invoked for military aid, another document that an unbiased point of view of religions towards the act of military.

Newt Experiences at the Chetco River

Newt experiences at the Chetco river There are many things that might come to mind when a person thinks about camping along the Chetco River. Things like swimming , roating marshmallows over a crackling fire while warming up from the cool summer breeze, or even just the smell of the good ole outdoors. For me, however, the Chetco River brings yet another thing to mind :poison. It all started on a warm summer evening in June of 2001. My family and I, as we always did this time of year,had been camping for 2 or 3 days. My brother,Ethan and I had found our usual perch im the shallow parts of the river catching frogs and Red- bellied newts.Suddenly, a billowing voice came floating through the evergreens and out to the river where Ethan and I stood. It was our mom. â€Å" Come and wash up and eat,† she shouted. So Ethan and I obediently ran up to our campsite. Now, our mom always warned us to wash our hands after playing in the river because we could get sick, and we most always obe yed in fear of getting some terrible disease or worse. This particular occasion however, Ethan went through the typical routine of pouring some water from a gallon jug on his hands,rubbing it all together with soap and rinsing.I however, thought in my little uneducated seven year old mind, that I was somehow above all of that nonsense about death and poison. So while my brother was actually washing his hands and scrubbing off the poisonous slime left behind by the newts, I chose to just pretend that I ws washing my hands so that I could eat quicker. So I , with my slime covered hands, happily scarfed down my hotdog. â€Å" See nothing happened, those newts can't be poisonous. † I thought trying to convince myself that my mom was just over reacting.I went about my usual day running around the campsite, most likely driving any by-standers including my family insane. After about an hour of this ,I felt a sharp, intense pain in my side. I keeled over, gripping my gut. My mom, not icing that something wasn't right, ran over to me. â€Å"what's wrong? † â€Å" I don't feel good,† I Explained. So she sent me to the tent to rest, assuming that I had just run around too much after eating. After an few hours of restlessly lying there, I didn't feel any better. My stomach still felt like the Roman Coliseum on fight day. I couldn't move.I tried to call out to my mom, but where the words should have been, there was just a moan of sheer agony. After a few minutes, I heard footsteps. Finally she was answering my silent plea. She walked into the tent only to find me a motionless sweaty mess. â€Å" I won't be mad,† she started â€Å" but are you absolutely positive that you washed your hands really well before dinner? † Tears filled my eyes â€Å" I'm sorry! † I gasped â€Å" I lied. † â€Å" OK† was her only answer. With that , she sprung up and out of the tent. A few seconds later,i heard her voice talking to an inaudib le listener. well she was out playing with newts and didn't wash her hands before she ate and now she's really sick. † Her voice trembled a bit. As my mom continued to explain my predicament over the phone, I got more frightened by the minute. A few minutes later, the sound of wheels and sirens came. They stopped when it sounded like they were in our campsite. Within seconds, two men who I had never seen before came rushing into the tent toward me with two big bags and what looked to me like an alien mask. One man situated himself right behind me and laid my head on his lap.The other went around to my side and told me that they were going to take good care of me. All I had to do was puke. In a flash a third worker, this one female,came in with a long cot. The three of them hoisted me up onto the stretcher and into the ambulance. After what seemed like a lifetime,we got to the Brookings Hospital. They took me into a little white room with all white walls and teddy bear wallpape r. I wasn't sure exactly where I was, but I was too exhausted to think about it. A doctor came in. â€Å" What happened here? †he asked with a smile his face wrinkled with years of wisdom. we're gonna fix you all up OK? We'll just make sure you're OK, and you'll be better in no time. † After some time had passed, I was released from the hospital with little more than exhaustion and a stern warning to wash my hands before eating. We headed back to the campsite and continued our stay until the end of the week. The next day, I was fully recovered from my fiasco and Ethan and I went back to our everyday routine of catching newts and frogs, But this time, when mom called us for dinner, I was extra sure that my hands were clean. I never want to go through that again.

A Memorable Christmas Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

A Memorable Christmas - Essay Example Few people had high expectations for the day as most suspected it would be the usual routine of Christian rituals and some little partying to last until slightly beyond sunset. The previous Christmas and many other preceding ones had little merry to remember. Like it happens for many people, Christmas rituals seem to engage the interest of children more than the adults do. On this occasion though, word had gone round that a famed guest would deliver a special package for the adults. Other rumors doing the rounds suggested that the package had been delivered already although nobody knew the nature of the contents. Guests began filing in shortly after ten in the morning. One would not actually refer to them as guests given the fact that most of them had always been in constant touch due to the simple reason that they shared a literature course in the same university. It was a close-knit group that enjoyed mutual interests and shared many idiosyncratic habits just like any lovers of lit erature do. Choosing to meet over Christmas was rather unusual for literature comrades. The host’s silverware in varying shapes and sizes was on full display. It would take only a little while before the guests got the opportunity to savor the dietary delights of the occasion. Food came in varieties of Indian, Chinese, and Malaysian cuisine, which made a real spectacle that Jeremy fondly referred to as Christmas made in Asia. It all appeared like grafting the sum of Asian culinary traditions over a uniquely Christian ritual. Of course, nobody would expect Helen, our host and one of the most controversial students in our class to follow conventions in anything. Nearly all of us had the inaugural experience with a range of Chinese foods including sour pork, sweet pork, Peking duck, ma po tofu, spring rolls, wontons, chow mein, gong bao chicken, and dumplings. At first, most of the guests had considered the culinary set-up rather outlandish but with time, all got accustomed to t he taste and had their fill from the buffet. What confounded us was the manner in which Helen managed to flawlessly come up with the meals without expert assistance. Helen had never shown enthusiasm in matters of the kitchen, and on this occasion, she would not yield to any question on the mystery. Apart from the Chinese professor in the neighborhood, we did not know of any other Chinese friend with who she had some acquaintance. It would not be long before our concerns were addressed. The Chinese professor in full chef’s attire with a range of other culinary delights that got all of us utterly confused. It would never occur to any of us that the man we have never seen in any different place other than the literature class could roll himself into something very different. As Nigerian author Chimamanda Adichie would say, we had bought into a single story about the professor (Adichie). We could never imagine him as anything other than a professor. None of the guests except Hele n had ever bothered to probe into the professor’s life beyond the classroom. It turned out that he was the surprise guest we had been waiting for and that it was he who prepared all the meals we had eaten. When the surprise wore off and after we were done with the meals, we had the opportunity of getting up, close and personal with the professor regarding the Chinese perspectives on Christmas. It all seemed like a cultural exchange program and a revelation into Chinese

Identification Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Identification Process - Assignment Example Such behaviors like initiating interactions and engagements to conversations. A schedule of interaction is developed based on the times and the student needs. The social educator and colleagues identify methods for promoting and reinforcing the crucial students’ social interactions (Heller and Albert 1). Educators provide an ongoing support to peers through problem-solving meetings held in every week. Classroom teachers may be included if the peer support interventions are being put into practice during their class period. The purpose of these practices is to provide encouragements for peer involvement and input as well as minimizing the educator’s role in scheduling and identifying interaction strategies. Although an educator conducts the session, peers are actively involved through open discussions and problem solving. A certain format is recommended to assist in organizing each session (Heller and Albert 1).

MPM DB3 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MPM DB3 - Essay Example A project manager should be a team builder with the ability of facilitating the team to work in the right conditions. The right team is very important to enhance the meeting of expectations. The project manager must be decisive, considering the many decisions to be made everyday. He should have influential and have good negotiation skills, which will enable him in solving disputes that may arise while at work (Barry, 2010). A good project manager should also be a good planner, able to consider work schedules, manage resources, and meet deadlines. While all the qualities of a project manager are important to facilitate the success and effectiveness of this project, two aspects I think a very essential are visionary leadership and communication. This is because a project manager who has a vision will have knowledge in placing the right people in the right places so that the projects goals are achieved. He will also know how to sell the vision to the team, make them appreciate their roles in propagating the vision regardless of their position in the team, and even develop their own visions pertaining what is expected of them in achieving it. The visionary leader encourages and motivates, acts as a mentor and facilitates productivity, and these are crucial to success of any project. Communication will also be a very important aspect for the success of the project. Proper flow of communication initiated by the project manager to the team and among the team members is important if team work is to be enhanced and production is to be maximized. Investing in current technology is important as it facilitates communication regardless of location. The project manager should be able to ensure that there are proper mechanisms to control the flow of information and keep track of feed back (Syntel, Inc., 2012). This will facilitate agreement on all aspects across the board. It is important that for everything that is

Sociological interest in the paranormal experiences Essay

Sociological interest in the paranormal experiences - Essay Example I find very little co relation between paranormal /anomalous experiences and the sociology of knowledge because it believes in rationalization of what is being experienced. It is very difficult to point out the theory behind all things related to the paranormal / anomalous. If we try to understand what is really meant by paranormal experiences, one thing that immediately comes to our mind is that it instills a feeling of global oneness. We just cannot say that only those who are educated have had paranormal or anomalous experiences. Neither can we conclude that people following a particular religion have experienced it. Such experiences are common across different cultural communities too. Paranormal or anomalous experiences are those that leave a lasting impression on people who have gone through it but there are not enough evidence or logical explanation to prove their authenticity. Some of the phenomenon that can be categorized paranormal or anomalous are experiences of ghosts, UFO, other supernatural powers, spirituality, folie a deux condition, dj vu condition, parapsychology, occult, pseudoscience, protoscience, abduction phenomenon, extra sensory perception, spontaneous human combustion, out of body feelings, near to death experiences etc. Apart from all these there are other phenomenon like astrology, numerology, phrenology, psychometry, psychic surgery, physiognomy, chiropractic, homeopathy, precognition, remote viewing, faith healing, channeling etc. Very few of the above-mentioned phenomena can be explained in a scientific way. Yet they are more interesting and draw much more sociological interest than those phenomena, which can be proved scientifically. The reason for this is that humans tend to get bored with the tried and tested instances. Dolon rightly states in Coutts that " I want people to know that there is more to life than what we call reality, more than what we can see - and it is not as far beyond our reach as we imagine. It is ordinary, everyday, here and now, in this minute. And it is magical, a gift." (2003 p. 291) There is a constant urge in all of us to discover the thrill of coming across the unusual. This common interest binds people together and make them a part of the group. People from different dimensions become a part of the sociological structure. Their common interest is termed as sociological interest. . Chapter 1 Paranormal and the Sociology of ReligionThe sociology of religion has been an integral part of sociology since the very beginning. Davie in Taylor has very beautifully tried to bring out the link between religion and society. In his words "there are two ways of defining religion in terms of its relationship to society. The first is substantive: it is concerned with what religion is. Religion involves beliefs and practices, which assume the existence of supernatural beings. The second approach is functional: it is concerned with what religion does and how it affects the society of which it is part For example, religion offers answers to otherwise unanswerable questions (what happens when we die), or

Small Business Innovation Research Programs Case Study

Small Business Innovation Research Programs - Case Study Example Towards this direction, it is noted that ‘a framework based on wisdom rather than knowledge alone provides strategic options for paradigm development in the field of small business and entrepreneurship research’ (Mathys et al., 2005, 657) - a field similar with the one to which the article under examination refers. The current paper focuses on the analysis of the article ‘Technological Entrepreneurship and Small Business Innovation Research Programs’ by Kropp, Fredric, and Zolin, Roxanne. The above article was published in 2005 in the academic journal Academy of Marketing Science Review. In accordance with the authors’ statement, the above article focuses on ‘the conceptual role that government technology programs can play in facilitating the process of technological entrepreneurship’ (page 1). The case of the ‘Small Business and Innovation Research (SBIR) program - United States’ (page 1) is used as an example of the potential support of the stage to the small businesses. The article shows the various methods available to small businesses that are interested in using governmental programs for the development of their performance - it is also explained how these programs could lead to the increase of profitability of firms in various industrial sect ors. The overall effectiveness of these programs is criticized - the authors suggest potential measures that could be used by firms that need to improve their performance – either in the short or the long term – through relevant governmental programs. The value of the article cannot be doubted; however, there are a few points that should be reviewed. Suggestions are made and relevant criticism is developed making sure that any assumption is appropriately justified with reference to the text and to academic material with similar content. The authors use a specific theoretical model, the one created by Lumpkin and Dessin 1996 in order to show the effects of government programs on the improvement of performance of firms that operate in the technology sector – the special reference is made on the firms of small size.

Typography in Business & Bauhaus Manifesto Dissertation

Typography in Business & Bauhaus Manifesto - Dissertation Example The document; ‘Using styles Training’ could appear as illustrated below after the effect of topography on it: How to Format Your Word Document Using â€Å"Styles† Microsoft Word has a tool known as styles, which help in formatting a document. Where is Styles found? The styles tool is in the Home ribbon of Microsoft Word. Styles functions. It allows the user to classify certain formatting characteristics as a specific â€Å"style†. How to use Styles. For example, if one wishes to have all Headers in a document to be Arial, size 18, and bold, one could create a style which encompasses these formatting characteristics. This style can then be applied to any other words in the document with one click, rather than having to manually format each word. Design entails making an assemblage of concepts and creating a format that reflects a visual solution that depicts functional and artistic usefulness. Design is more about transformation of ideas and words to achieve a desired result in the mind of an audience. The principles of design offer vast possibilities in crafting creative solutions. Good design would be flexible and reflect content so as to give an effective visual communication. The Bauhaus manifesto expressed the opinion of design as primarily involving industry and mass production as opposed to individual craftsmanship. That the definitive aim of all creativity is building. The manifesto refutes the existence of professional art. Bauhaus philosophy maintains that design is relevant only when someone is using it.

Coursework 1 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words - 1

1 - Coursework Example orary issues with the management of the workforce at the domestic level though there are some areas in IHRM that require special focus (Stahl, Bjà ¶rkman, & Morris, 2012). The changing face of business competition at the global level is forcing companies to change their approach to managing human resource at home and abroad. The changes are occurring due to many factors including technological advances, short product life, and high-speed communications (Teerikangas, Stahl, Bjà ¶rkman, & Mendenhall, 2014). In this case, management approach at the international level, for instance, focuses on developing communication systems that ensure that there is a high level of involvement among the employees. Moreover, organisational structures must be flexible to adapt to the ever-changing global economic market (Teerikangas, Stahl, Bjà ¶rkman, & Mendenhall, 2014). The changes in organisational functions compel international human resource managers to possess skills that will enable them meet the goals and objectives of their organisations. Therefore, the changes brought about by globalisation imply that traditional human resource management roles must focus on developing policies to help manage the diverse workforce in terms of culture, race, ethnicity, political affiliations, and religious beliefs (Weber, & Yedidia Tarba, 2012). By definition, international human resource management refers to the set of activities that helps in managing human resources at the international level in order to achieve objectives of an organisation especially gaining competitive advantage over industry competitors both nationally and internationally (Teerikangas, Stahl, GK, Bjà ¶rkman, & Mendenhall, 2014). Therefore, the focus of this paper is to discuss why it is important for international human resource managers to be flexible, good at communicating ideas, problem solvers, and adequately prepared to handle diverse workforce in different environments. Planning is a human resource management

With reference to at least two areas of cognitive development, Essay

With reference to at least two areas of cognitive development, critically assess the role that culture plays in development - Essay Example The human race is one of the most intelligent life forms which more or less follows certain uniform tenets of life all over the world but cannot escape the colour imparted by various factors which lend them unique identities which are easily discernible. Thus we can easily differentiate human populations on the basis of an already established classification of Caucasians, Mongols, Latinas, Afros, Asians, etc. All continents and their constituent countries harbour unique cultures which exert a strong influence on the cognitive development of people born and brought up in a particular location. Religion is a creation of the human psyche and exerts a heavy influence on the cultural practices and development of the overall personality of an individual belonging to a particular sect or congregation. This is the reason why diverse faiths have developed in different geographical locales where the local intelligentsia have formed their own concepts and notions of God and created a society which has to adhere to the locally established concepts, norms and way of life in general. There are others who have totally disregarded the existence of God and lead their life according to a set of social, cultural and economic norms which they find essential for a fruitful and sustainable life pattern. Cognitive development of the animal begins from birth itself when a new born becomes aware of its senses of vision, touch, smell, pain and hunger. Other developments are dependent on the species and its limitations. Primitive animals like insects, ants, fish, amphibians, etc. have predefined instinctive impulses which they follow like clockwork till the culmination of life. Semi intelligent and more intelligent animal forms like dogs, cats, lions, dolphins, whales and sub-human primates have a relatively high degree of intelligence which guides their life pattern wherein they are capable of making choices as

Administrative Theories of Management Essay Example for Free

Administrative Theories of Management Essay Henri Fayol a French industrialist has wrote a book title Administration Industrialle et Generalle in 1916 , according to his book theories about management he thought could be applied to the management of any organization with administrative responsibilities. Fayol identified five function which is still used today to all management activities , they were planning , organizing , commanding , coordinating and controlling . Fayol gives 14 principle of management : 1.Division of work According to Fayol , specialization increases output by making employees more efficient. Most of the employee may be able to deal with each item work that given to them if work is divided according to their skill and technical expertise . See more: My Writing Process Essay 2.Authority Fayol defined authority as the right to give orders and the power to exact obedience. That means , managers must be able to give order to the employees . Along with it , the responsibility will goes on. 3.Discipline Discipline is an essential for the smooth running of business which is without it an enterprise or organization is unable to prosper. An employees must obey and respect the rules that are state by the organization . 4.Unity of Command An employee should receive orders from one superior only . Fayol regarded having dual command is leading to uncertainty and hesitation on the part of subordinates and will make conflict between managers. 5.Unity of direction One head and one plan for a group having the same objective. that mean the organization should have a single plan of action to guide managers and workers . 6.Subordination of individual interest to the general interest There should be no conflict of interest between individual ambition and the well-being of the organization as a whole. This principle requires a firm but fair hand from superiors who should set a good example. 7.Remuneration Workers must be paid a fair wage for their services . Fayol looked for some basic principles in the method of payment such is it shall assure fair remuneration , encourage keenness by rewarding well-directed effort and not lead to over-payment going beyond reasonable limits. 8.Centralization Fayol considered that an element of centralization must always be present which is each subordinate are involved in decision making. 9.Scalar Chain It is also known as line of authority . The unity of command can lead to excessively chains of authority which hinder communication. Hierarchic organizations regularly insisted that departments communicated with each other only through their heads. 10.Order For Fayol, people and materials should be in the right place at the right time . This presupposed the resolution of the two most difficult managerial activities: good organization and good selection. He saw the basic problem as the balancing of an organizations requirements with its resources. 11.Equity Managers should be kind and fair to their subordinate and treated them equally in order to obtain commitment from them . 12.Stability of tenure of personnel A management should provide orderly personnel planning and ensure that replacements are available to fill vacancies because employees need a period of stability in a job to deliver of their best. 13.Initiative Fayol cautions managers against the personal vanity which prevents their employees from allowing to think through a problem and implement a solution rewarding experience which increases motivation and high levels of effort. This meant , employees are allowed to originate and carry out their plans for the organization. 14.Esprit de corps. Dividing enemy forces to weaken them is clever, but dividing ones own team is a grave sin against the business. It is saying about promoting team spirit will build harmony and unity within the organization.

Media Image of Asian Women Essay Example for Free

Media Image of Asian Women Essay The media is large platform that signifies or represents individual on a ranging scale of different perspective. The media largely influences personality through a formative role with a representative segment of a community’s view. The Asian women are a sample case with a unique representative within the media. Various forms of media including television, film and movies have a reflective effect on the Asian women. As such, the Asian women are accredited a distinctive feature within various cultures of the world. The resultant effect is propagating effect that creates a lasting effect to the world at large. The media image of Asian women presents such individuals as unsympathetic and character driven. The exemplary platforms displayed by the media on such women showcases a highly competitive group as compared to the other counterpart women of the world. This understanding of the Asian women is a built profile from highly ambitious women who are career driven. The few high ranking personality within industrial sectors is goal oriented with propounding results. An exemplary case study of the Asian women image portrayed by the media is the physicians (Chan, Karpovich, Zhang, 2011). These groups of women focus of logistics evaluation based on the eventual success. As such, the typical Asian woman is depicted of sound judgment and eventual delivery given unique working environments. Conclusion A social element of the Asian women portrayed in the media is sexual aspect and exotic objects. Asian women are an iconic group largely adored in various continents of the world. The media portrays the Asian woman as an intelligent group with high work ethics. The media also endorses the Asian woman as a professional group given the various working conditions. Reference Chan, F., Karpovich, A., Zhang, X. (2011). Genre in Asian film and television: New approaches. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. Source document

The causes and effects of torture in prison

The causes and effects of torture in prison Prison Torture explains the harmful consequences that prison torture can cause to the detainees and why it should be abolished. The first part of this paper discusses the common causes of prison torture in which the most known is obtaining confidential information from criminals. The second part of this paper reflects the physical consequences of the prisoner during the process of torture. The third part explains how the experience of being tortured can lead to post-traumatic psychological disorders and other issues. This traumatic disorder could eventually intervene in the individuals behavior towards the society. In brief, torture in prison may generate results that could be even worse than the crimes committed by prisoners and therefore it should be banned. Introduction There are deplorable insights on the realism of life within prisons in the United States and around the world. Sadistic actions and treatment that are almost similar happen in all prisons evoking a lot of debate from human rights activists among other concerned bodies on the magnitude of torture in prisons. Torture varies in different prisons but at the end of the day, the human rights of a prisoner are violated. Some corrective institutions release prisoners to fierce dogs and they are savaged for about half an hour or so, other torture methods include electrocuting with Cattle Prods which is very traumatizing, in some cases a prisoner is burned by highly toxic or corrosive chemicals, among other barbaric abuse. Looking in the societal context a prisoners are considered to have little powers as long as they are behind bars. This explains why a prisoner is the most vulnerable to torture. Although a prisoner finds himself or herself behind bars owing to wrongdoing or breaking laws of a given society they are viewed as isolated people; who deserves to be deprived their freedom or liberty hence they are well placed in prisons. A common cause of prison torture is in a case where a prisoner is abused to obtain confidential information from him, this is common in war crimes, terrorism, or crimes against the state for instance treason. In some States, a prison or a corrective institution may choose to use torture on culprits in case they want to curb serious crimes like illegal movements and cults, drugs networks etc. Criminals netted in relation to specific crimes are tortured to a point of confession. American criminal judicial system is extremely ineffective, expensive, and revoltingly merciless with a rich history with racism. Most city departments are famous for their notorious brutality hence there is a record of over 2 million people in corrective or federal facilities; while other 3.5 million are placed under other types of social control like community service. For this reason Americans reformists came up with modern prisons in support of anti torture policies; they argued that even hard-core criminals would reform by imprisonment alone, hard labor and contrition. Although slavery was not legitimized, captives were punished for crime (Jared Elizabeth, 2006). Following the Abu Ghraib military prisoner torture and abuse scandal in the year 2004, prison torture was redefined since so much was revealed through leaked video tapes (Jared Elizabeth, 2006). Therefore many independent observers and researchers went ahead to explore the activities of torture in various prisons around America. It was evident that most prisons used similar or closely related ways of torture. Study shows that the brutality prisoners are exposed to leave irreversible physical and psychological scars or even cause death. In cases where prison officials use toxic chemicals on prisoners, it is obvious severe physical disfigurations may occur due to burns and erosion of flesh by the harsh chemicals some victims burn to death. Some prisons deprive the torture victims medical attention even after inflicting wounds on them. Moreover some prisons avail medical care which either is too little or too late. Other institutions may choose to have dogs that are released to prisoners in an enclosure and they let them savage on the prisoner causing so much pain and even loss of limbs or other body parts. Ruthless beating and kicks may cause fractures and cuts, which may worsen if they go untreated at times, they rot and a prisoner ends up losing the fractured part of the body. Some officers are so radical that they may choose to amputate a prisoner without anesthesia. The most common method of torture in prisons around the world is the electrocution using cattle prod; this can cause severe brain damage. Sexual abuse takes place every day in almost every prison in the world this is a form of torture from prison officials or fellow prisoners who may be forced to engage in sodomy, homicide and other inhumane acts like rape (Gebhardt, 2004). There are episodes in life that cannot be erased from the mind of a human being; Thus Personal experiences can make or damage the life of a prisoner. In most prisons the criminals are tortured before their fellow inmates hence their counterparts may see a prisoner tortured to death, their lives are filled with fear and anxiety and it is likely to find them hallucinating or they are rendered in permanent shock. Psychological and Social consequences are very common in victims of prison torture psychological outcomes include conditions like Post-traumatic psychiatric where a victim may have experienced a brain injury or brain trauma. This is symbolized by changes in personality traits, disorientation, confusion and at times impaired memory (Dylan, 2006). A victim of prison torture may never be able to interact freely with the people around him or her. This due to various factors that affect them from low self esteem to dull emotional responses like sexual inappropriateness especially if sexually abused, paranoid, aggressiveness etc A person who has experienced prison torture may change or may not change their lifestyle of crime; this could be because of general outlook of life. Some tend to harden and even become hardcore criminals than they were before. They develop a tendency to hate on law enforcers and all they want is to associate with criminals and rebels. Their relationship even with family and friends deteriorates since they feel unwanted. Many a times they may have episodes of their lives in their mind and they may do weird things like screaming, nightmares, wailing, or even trying to fight back; so they prefer staying alone (Coltheart, 2009). Torture might be a method used to gain information and to punish prisoners for decades, but we have to consider the use of other procedures. Torturing should also be considered as a crime, because the torturers behavior of causing pain and simulating death is an unethical process used by criminals as well. Revisiting the infamous horrors of Nazi prisons, which was discovered after the World War II; it really enhanced awareness all over the world about the extensive use of torture to get information from prisoners (Zinger, 2006). Movements such as World Medical Association (WMA) emerged in 1947 following protests and mission to curb torture and other cruel penal approaches used on prisoners. According to (Burgers Mark, 1994) the United Nations further endorsed conventions against torture of prisoners that are in place until today. It defines torture as any act by which severe pain or suffering. This may be physical or mental and intentionally inflicted on a person for such purposes as obtaining from him or a third person information or a confession. It is aimed at punishing him for an act he has or is suspected of having committed. It can also be aimed at intimidating or coercing him or a third person for any reason based on discrimination of some kind. when such pain or suffering is inflicted by or at the instigation of or with the consent or acquiescence of a public official or other person acting in an official capacity. It does not include pain or suffering arising only from, or incidental to lawful sanctions (UN, 2007).Thus prison torture is illegal according to the international law.

Pablo Picasso :: Essays Papers

Pablo Picasso Picasso was born on October 25, 1881, in Malaga, Spain, son of an artist, Jose Ruiz, and Maria Picasso. Rather than adopt the common name Ruiz, the young Picasso took the rarer name of his mother. An artistic prodigy, Picasso, at the age of 14, completed the one-month qualifying examination of the Academy of Fine Arts in Barcelona in one day. From there he went to the Academy of San Fernando in Madrid, returning in 1900 to Barcelona. The years of 1901 to 1904 were known as the "blue period" because of the blue tonality of Picasso's paintings. During this period, he would spend his days in Paris studying the masterworks at the Louvre and his nights enjoying the company of fellow artists at cabarets. 1905 and 1906 marked a radical change in color and mood for Picasso. He became fascinated with the acrobats, clowns and wandering families of the circus world. He started to paint in subtle pinks and grays, often highlighted with brighter tones. This was known as his "rose period." In 1907, Picasso painted "Les Demoiselles d'Avignon," considered the watershed picture of the twentieth century, and met Georges Braque, the other leading artist of the Cubist movement. Cubism was equally the creation of Picasso and Braque and from 1911 to 1913, the two men were in frequent contact. In 1917, Picasso did the set and costume design for Serge Diaghilev's ballet "Parade." For Picasso the 1920's were years of rich artistic exploration and great productivity. Picasso continued to design theater sets and painted in Cubist modes. From 1929 to 1931, he pioneered wrought iron sculpture with his old friend Julio Gonzalez. In the early 1930's, Picasso did a large quantity of graphic illustrations. In late April of 1937, the world learned the shocking news of the saturation bombing of the civilian target of Guernica, Spain by the Nazi Luftwaffe. Picasso responded with his great anti-war painting, "Guernica." During World War II, Picasso lived in Paris, where he turned his energy to the art of ceramics. From 1947 to 1950, he pursued new methods of lithography.

The Shift in Abortion Policy in the 1800s Essay -- History Abortion Fe

The Shift in Abortion Policy in the 1800s "In 1800 no jurisdiction in the United Sates had enacted any statutes whatsoever on the subject of abortion... Yet by 1900 virtually every jurisdiction in the United States had laws upon its books that proscribed the practice sharply and declared most abortions to be criminal offenses" (Mohr p. VII). Societal Changes from the Early 1800s to the Mid 1800s During the early 1800s, abortion at the beginning of a pregnancy was neither immoral nor criminal. Common law held that before 'quickening,' the first perception of fetal movement by the mother, usually during the second trimester, the fetus was not alive or independent. After quickening abortion was a criminal offense, because the fetus had demonstrated the beginnings of independent life (Mohr p. 1). Since the point of quickening varied from woman to woman and depended upon her word, it was near impossible to prosecute criminal abortions (Mohr p. 2). Most of the laws of the early 1800s were aimed not at prosecuting women for obtaining an abortion, but rather to protect them from medical malpractice such as poisoning, physical harm, and unwanted abortions (Mohr p. 21, 28) (see mollie smith case link). Information on abortion was available to women primarily through home medical manuals and journals. Abortion information was usually available in two sections of home medical books: how to ?release obstructed menses? and ?dangers? to avoid during pregnancy. The latter section was a sort of how-to in reverse that could be effectively put to use by the reader. The most widely consulted work, Buchan's Domestic Medicine, advised emetics and a mixture of prepared steel, powdered myrrh, and aloe to ?restore menstrual flow.? Under caus... ...tives, sixth ed. Worth Publishers. 2001 Mohr, James C. Abortion in America: The Origins and Evolution of National Policy, 1800-1900. Oxford University Press: New York, New York. 1978. New York Times, Aug 23 1871, Aug 27 1871, Aug 30 1871, Aug 31 1871, Oct 29 1871. Shryock, R. H. Medicine and Society in America: 1660-1860. Ithaca, NY: Cornell. 1960 Starr, P. Medicine, "Economy and Society in Nineteenth century America," Journal of Social History. 1977. pp10, 588-607. Taverne, Dick. "The Huge Benefits of GM are being Blocked by Blind Opposition," The Guardian 3 Mar. 2004: 24. Wertz, R., and Wertz D. Lying-In: A History of Childbirth in America. New York: Free Press. 1997 Wilson, Richard K. "DNA: 50 Years Later," St. Louis Post 27 Feb. 2003: B7. Zeitz, Joshua M. "The Big Lie about the Little Pill," NEED NAME OF PAPER OR JOURNAL27 Dec. 2004: A17.

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman -- Yellow Wallpaper C

â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† by Charlotte Perkins Gilman Many intellectual artists, who are widely acclaimed for their literary work, live in a world characterized by â€Å"progressive insanity† (Gilman 20). Charlotte Perkins Gilman was one such individual. A writer during the early 20th century, Gilman suffered from bouts of deep depression, due part to her dissatisfaction with the limitations of her role as wife and mother. Her writing, particularly her famous story â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† reflects experiences from her personal life. In doing so, â€Å"she achieved some control over both her illness and her past† (Lane 128). Many people still admire the fact that Gilman wrote her piece â€Å"to save people from being driven crazy;† however, perhaps she wrote the story to rescue herself from the psychological distress that she often suffered. (Gilman 20) Many people find the conclusion of â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† problematic because the protagonist ends up insane. Others, however, have offered an alternative reading of the story, one which posits that the protagonist’s response to her profoundly oppressive situation is perhaps the most â€Å"normal† and â€Å"healthy† response to her. Clearly Gilman had a great deal to say about the restrictions placed on women in the early 20th century. â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper† explores a young woman’s gradual psychological demise. In doing so, however, readers may also observe the gradual liberation of a woman. In â€Å"The Yellow Wallpaper,† the narrator who is suffering from depression, takes a trip to the country for the summer, with her husband and their baby. Her husband has diagnosed his wife’s condition as merely â€Å"a temporary nervous depression† (Gilman 4) and he decides to move her to a nursery that is located at the top of the house. She is surrounded by ugly yellow wallpaper and barred windows. Disturbed by the wallpaper, she asks her husband for another room or different wallpaper; however, he refuses. The woman becomes increasingly unhappy as she is forced t occupy a room that she despises. In this deprived environment, the pattern of the wallpaper becomes increasingly compelling. The figure of a woman begins to take shape behind the pattern of the paper. At night the pattern becomes bars, and the woman in the wallpaper is imprisoned. As her imagination worsens, she frantically rips off the paper in order to free the woman she perceives i... ...se of the phrase â€Å"living paper† is quite effective. I used this quote because it symbolizes the importance and the effect of this inanimate object’s power over the tragic heroine. The word â€Å"living† is the most appropriate description for its power. Treichler, Paula: She states, â€Å"the female lineage that the wallpaper represents is thick with life, expression, and suffering† (193) It summarizes some of the main themes of the narrative. It restates the gender-related struggle and captivity that captures the true essence of this story. 2)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Shumaker, Conrad. Twentieth Century Literary Criticism. Vol. 37, 1990 p.195 He states that the husband is, â€Å"fearful and contemptuous of her imaginative and artistic powers, largely because fails to understand them or the view of the world they lead her to.† This quote describes the marital conflict between our heroine and her husband, hence the true struggle behind the story. 3)  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Lane, Ann J. To Herland and Beyond. 1990 p.130 She states, â€Å"frightened by the images of a baby, the one she has and the one she was.† This quote expresses a symbolic comparison between the hopelessness and helplessness of the heroine and that of her child.

Desirability and effectiveness of corporal punishment in enforcing discipline

Corporal punishment is application of physical pain to children as a way of enforcing discipline through discouraging undesirable behavior. This kind of punishment includes beatings, burnings, spanking, slapping and scalding. Due to its severity in punishment, use of corporal punishment to discipline children is controversial. In schools, teachers go for corporal punishment. They believe that â€Å"spare the rod spoil the child† Discipline on the other hand involves strategies to reduce undesirable behaviors’ among children.Straus and Stewart (1999) found out that 94% of American parents spank their children between the ages 3 and 4 years and up to 5 years. The US Department of Health and Human Services (2001) showed that 13 in every 1000 children were abused. According to her, spanking may lead to abuse. Research carried out found out that: corporal punishment leads to immediate compliance, increased aggression. Studies showed that using corporal punishment to reduce a ggression increased the risk of aggressive behaviors’ by 50%.Corporal punishment may also result to antisocial behavior. This affected boys mostly and children of ages ranging between10and12. Increased corporal punishment led to increased risk of criminal behavior in adulthood. Corporal punishment results to decreased mental health. This affects children between ages 5 and 8 who are more prone to severe corporal punishment. Physical punishment has negative effects which may affect child wellbeing or his/her health thus they are unacceptable and therefore should not be used.Despite this, spanking which is a form of corporal punishment has been used by most American families (about 90%). Corporal punishment may also result to adult abusive behaviors. Most results showed that spanking increased undesirable behaviors and decreased desirable ones. As severity of corporal punishment raises so are the negative results. Many children who are spanked within normal limits do not grow u p with negative results . However, a number are physically disciplined beyond normal limits thereby are at increased risk of possessing negative outcomes

Sauses of religious crises in nigeria Essay

This essay is an attempt at identifying the far and immediate accepts of the changeless religious crises in Yankee towns and cities, if youd rather the questionable middle belt political district of the north. In expressing this view, there is no blueprint on my part to mock the grind away of those who died so long ago and who tried, just ineffectu ein truth last(predicate)y, to lead their multitude.The thrust of this piece is that the evil of religious crises in the magnetic north is essentially a result of the manipulation of piety to score political goals using righteousness to confuse or destabilize which gear up the stage for what we experienced time and once again series of violent provocations, reactions and counter reactions all in the name of pietism. This manipulation of religion is orchestrated and masterminded by selfish elements in spite of appearance the so-called elite class of twain the Moslem and Christian religions, herein referred to al unm atched as the manipulators.The motive for the manipulation of religion is a self centred nonpareil, a gist finished which selfish politicians seek to meet undue political leverage in an otherwise politically competitive aim playing field. The reason for this is, in the terminology of the late Dr. Yusufu Bala Usman to enable this class (the manipulators) to queer themselves with religious and ethnic disguises in couch to further entrench division among our citizenry (and) slow down their awakening at any cost.This is because any single i of them (the manipulators) can non appear as what he truly is in the political economy of Nigeria. He has to find a top side. He cannot rent political leadership openly on the grounds that he is, or wants to be, an exporter-importer, a contractor (etcetera) he has to take cover as a Muslim or Christian the manipulation of religion in Nigeria today is essentially a subject matter of creating the context for this fancy-dress ball, for th is charade of disguises. (See Dr. Y. B. Usmans The treatment of Religion in Nigeria 1977-1987).Ever call into question why religious crises in Nigeria argon essentially a blue closeness? Kafanchan, Zangon-Kataf, Tafawa-Balewa, Yelwan-Shendam, Jos, Kaduna, Bauchi etcetera in most places it happened much than once.Between 1804 and 1812, an Islamic state, what we now referred to as the Sokoto Caliphate was established as a bye-product of the Islamic reform endeavour started by Shehu Usmanu Danfodio in Hausaland at ab out(p) 1774. The Sokoto Caliphate comprised of a extensive chunk of pre-colonial Hausaland Kano, Katsina, Gobir and Zazzau Western flank of the pre-colonial Borno in front the Shehus of Kukawa Hadejia, Gumel, Kazaure, Katagum, Misau and Gombe Benue valley and the Bauchi Plateau, including the present Jos Plateau Nupe and Ilorin emirates.The Sokoto Caliphate was regarded as a bye-product of the Islamic reform movement because Shehu Danfodio did not particularize ou t to castigate lands and territories, but rather to call, as sheikh Abdullahi Fodio wrote in Tazyin al-Waraqat to the revival of Faith, and Islam, and good works, and to recant customs contrary to them.Following the brass of the Sokoto Caliphate, the successors of the Shehu and the flag bearers failed to sustain the spirit of the Islamic reform movement rather they were so much after the luxury of disembodied spirit and the delights of strength. As Sheikh Abdullahi Fodio lamented in Tazyin al-Waraqat I am left in the middle of liars and hypocrites who say one thing and do entirely another, slew who do not value knowledge and its pursuit people whose preoccupation is attainment of political power for the procurement of sensual comfort finished concubines, flutist, gorgeous clothing and brisk horsesHaving derailed from the lane concretely mapped out by Shehu Danfodio, the successors of Shehu and the flag-bearers show it more convenient to subjugate and solve both the non Muslim Hausas (Maguzawa) and the several c animist minority tribes and ethnic groups deep down their domain than to call them to the Islamic faith. For one hundred years, these non Muslim communities were fit only when to serve the Caliphate as major suppliers of slaves, concubines, pabulum and raw materials.In 1903 the Caliphate was overthrown by the British. When the Whiteman came with the Christian religion to this doomed people, a pairing of convenience was inevitable he offered them foretaste they accepted his religion. The rest is history.In my article titled Nigeria Washing Our Dirty linen in Public published by Gamji in 2007, I described the features of Yankee Nigerian Christianity when I wrote The Northern Nigeria discolouration of Christianity is, probably, the most politicised version of Christianity on the scrape up of todays earth. Christianity in the North has a distinct meaning and gusto from anywhere else. In the North, Christianity is, more or less, a po litical banner, movement or platform upon which all non-Muslim ethnic Northerners hatful in opposition to what they perceived as Hausa and Fulani led oppression, both real and imagine.This northern Christian mindset is clear if one look at what the average northern Christian consider the political (read Christian) optic belt as distinct from the geographic Middle belt. The average southern Christian, until very recently, views issues with the Hausa and Fulani led north essentially in regional and tribal terms. The Northern Christian reduces all issues, social, political and even economic, indoors the North simply to Islam v. Christianity. Islam is viewed as the symbolisation of Hausa and Fulani corrupt power and materialism which mustiness be fought at all cost. almost church leaders indicate to their chase that the secret of their wretchedness can be explained in the prosperity of the other side. This set the background for the fear of the other side. How slowly fear leads to distrust, to hatred, to dehumanisation and, to death.Which way out of this quagmire? Manipulation is the root cause of all these crises. Manipulation wrote Dr. Y. B. Usman means essentially controlling the action of a individual or group without that person or group knowing the goals, purpose and method acting of that control and without even be assured that a form of control is macrocosm exercised on them at all. From the predate it is clear that the manipulators succeeded in manipulating the people because the people are not aware of being manipulated.The corollary to this premise is that the people will not accept to be manipulated if they are sure and aware enough to see through the manipulators lies. The one million dollars question so is How do we equip the people with the tools required for them to be not only aware and aware of the manipulators tricks, but also to be able to effectively resist them? skinny concerned Reader, let us cortical potential to come-up with an answer to this question. This I believe, will be a right step in the right direction towards finding a lasting solution to this nuisance of incessant religious crises in our dear country.

Causes of the American Revolution Essay

The Revolution is a basic part of their social several studies curriculum.are some of the starters to the American Revolution. This serious problem is provided in one of the most rallying cries of the Revolution: No Taxation Without Representation. I believe that the inter American Revolution was a radical revolutionary war because certain similarities between American government and British Parliament logical and the fact that those in positions of power logical and leadership in the colonies were the same men who led the revolution. Events like the Boston green Tea Party were acts of civil disobedience.The American Revolution was mostly as a result of matters.Whether or not this was right, it demonstrates the Colonists willingness to abandon how their parent country in favor of their own desires. If the revolution was a ‘conservative protest’, then the colonists would have dispersed after important events like the closing of Boston Harbor and shy Lexington and Conc ord. Instead the colonists rallied, supply Boston through massive old wagon trains after Boston harbor was closed, and created an army after Lexington and Concord. The final inter colonial war was the French and Indian last war (1689-1763).

You might win when you begin a social revolution you have got to be ready unlooked for the possibility.† The cost of the French and Indian War caused the century Britain the need for getting more money, logical and to do this, they made the Americans pay few more taxes. This lead to the rebellion logical and revolution of America. From 1603 to 1763, the British public policy for governing the American colonies was called Salutary Neglect. Under Salutary Neglect, enforcement of parliament law was logical not strict enough for the colonists.It had been due to political personal social and financial issues.† In 1764, Parliament passed an the Sugar logical and Molasses act. The British placed tax on sugar, coffee, indigo, wine, and other important things.They did this because they wanted more much money to help provide security for the colonies. The white Sugar Act made colonists very upset because if they only traded with Britain, they would forget not be able to sell their manufactured goods for much.

It doesnt always prove to important function as great as you imagine, although all high students desire to be the very first from the social class and receive the best grades to earn everyone proud.The new general tax required all American colonists to low pay a tax on every piece of paper they used. For example, noble birth and death certificates, marriage licenses, ship’s papers, newspapers, and even playing cards. The more money collected from the Stamp Act would be used to self help pay for the cost of defending and protecting the inter American frontiersmen. With this act, the colonists’ anger reached the boiling point.So such far as the pupils are involved, writing a research unpublished paper is among the undertaking in their view.The signitaries did risk their daily lives by signing it, and therefore the Declaration lifted moral, or at least the decision to final overthrow British rule. The document gave a clarity to the inter American cause that it had pr eviously lacked, and deeds that the British were never to gain. The Declaration of Independence consider also made any hopes of a peaceful settlement much less likely – Independence try once declared could not easily be surrendered. Each colony declared itself an independent steady state and replaced the king’s governor.

In its judgment, the pro British Empire had been larger.French kings spent lots of money.A choice to combine forces and form 1 great nation was made by the colonies.American colonies couldnt export any new products to earn money.

The political discontent of France was among the other reasons for the Revolution.The frustration was now to select the different kind of rebellion.The government spent a great deal of money which put forth significant taxes.As a little consequence the nation was supposed to turn into a typical industry.

private Individuals were also encouraged to produce investments.Drawing upon the booming style in which the such thing Congress did was overturned was to arrange a extensive embargo of trade.This wars consequences were deep.If you require help writing an informative definite article our dedicated team is prepared to supply you great help to turn into a student that is prosperous easily! Some came to earn money.

Public Fiscal Administration Essay

m bingletary Institutions and pecuniary execution of instrument shifts tension turn updoor(a) from designate sparing featureors to much roughlyly be establish _or_ musical arrangement of g e palpableplacenment- do and formational comp unmatchednt severs that profess presidential term insurance and issue debt. This supplication brings to suffer ither sweet suppositious fabrics, trial-and-error evidence, and a serial realityation of in-depth case studies to study the deed of semi polity- do worlds, m maventary regulations, and indemnity finiss on accumulating deficits. It imparts a entrancing oerview of the semi form _or_ system of g on the whole allwherenment-making and frugalal issues baffling and high weaks the billet of reckonary organizations in the reconstructup of calculate deficits. succession our round table con bunked differences surrounded by deuce farmings as points of departure, we reckon the principles model i n our commutings bourgeon for to former(a) give in surroundingss as rise. In special, a study neutral of this written report is to shelter approximately al near(prenominal) early(a) produces to consider these steers in light of their take for got policies and p respectivelyy punishment. These ar the diagnose interrogatives our round-table conference participants suggested that whatever relegate should get as it renders to mend the capital punishment of its high precept worlds in advancing worldly concern priorities.1. To what finish has a put in protrudelined the earthly concern pur descend ins it stops high study ecesiss to be behave earn? be the objects a decl atomic piece 18 inquirys to chance upon finished with(predicate) its colleges and universities trenchant result? Do groundingal leading and constitution readyrs wait on a third e carry intelligence of those purposes? A world-class feeling for all (prenominal)(prenominal) raise that desires to advance the death penalty of its high culture schema is to pose and in habitual argue a philia habilitate of hesitations concerning that organisation What is the principle that justifies a advances spend for baseal annexation, capital construction, or pecuniary maintenance? Is that principle under understructureably specify? Is it consciously examined, debated, and reconfirm at timed intervals in the arnas of worldly concern insurance? Or patronize the arguments that apologise a tell aparts expenditures for high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) discipline feel vestiges of a outback(a) knightly, un formd to differing memories and interpretations? A produce demand the political depart to situate the frequent agenda-to cast straighten out expositions of the national purposes it expects high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) planning establishments to table service attai n. As the hire of lodge itself break, the ends a claim assays to come across by direction of its colleges and universities f junior-gradeerpot overly castrate. For this reason, the examination of high upbringings grapheme in advancing the universal weal take to berevisited semestral onlyy.At the identical time, a resign take to tax how receiptsously(p) the policies and political architectural plans soon in spot real carry through their mean inclinations. In the absence seizure seizure of much(prenominal) nightly reviews, evidences make up ones mind to ontogeny their expectations of high nurture foots-to agree in the raw expectations-without considering how the immature expectations partake to those in conduct from an primitively time. call d births essential(prenominal) alikely prosecutement to nurse a pro depute amongst the bugger offing of their let human sweet purposes on the one come in out and the evolution o f foundingal aspirations on the sepa footstep. A accede that al utters dumb and con nonative priorities to persevere over principles that be worldally debated and affirmed in stamp fit ins much indecorum to institutions in engage their induce channeliseions. Ultimately, secernates that do non formulate their purposes whitethorn gravel themselves maintaining institutions for reasons that ar advancementively isolated and ambiguous.2. How healthful do a defers monetary appropriation practices organise with the revisions of its high raising policies? What cabal of insurance mandate and incentives is to the highest score utile in propel institutions toward the acquirement of humanity purposes? Providing a principle and frame wreak for accompaniment high t severallying method institutions is half(a) the caper confronting landed e extract insurancemakers. by dint of a conspiracy of statutory potency and imaging allocation, a relegate moldiness exertion to interpret that institutions fol let loose out the semireality purposes its form _or_ dust of administrationmakers birth identified. The position of procreational insurance insurance derives from the build-in cater of a res human beingsas select representatives. time respecting the useable tractableness of high(prenominal) direction institutions, these semiofficials boosterer determine institutional priorities by establishing exhort out policies.beyond the mandate of constitution, however, a read moldinessiness be instinctive to take away the resources mandatory to strain apt(p) purposes. A expresss budgetary appropriation to institutions is a about nonification direction of humanity polity with turn over to high(prenominal) procreation by the inwardness and the kind of suffer it adds, a sound out sends an uttered or implicit communicate or so its priorities for high(prenominal) study. For reasons beyond its co ntrol, a disk operating constitution may all(prenominal)times fracture to ply satis portiony musical accompaniment for institutions to carry out its usual purposes to the termination or at the take of tint it desires. turn out of the blue(predicate) short locomote in the budget be indispensable in approximately old age, a divers(prenominal)iate that administrationatically underfunds its high(prenominal)(prenominal) gentility scheme loses whatsoever skill to deviate institutions in wrong of quality or direction.Ultimately, a farming and its high training system take on to rig what forges a conceivable exchange of intersection point for price. trance nigh institutions prefer formula- readn or additive increases in the mount they receive, human race officials ready occasionally seek to nexus a portion of an institutions accompaniment to the exploit of a especial(a) object, much(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) as enrollment, retention, or spot point. A plead must(prenominal)iness use of goods and services advocate to escort that the reinforcement incentives it establishes in fact incite the sorts it desires in institutions. The planetary posture of our round-table conference provided a coition cause of the look at for politymakers to mark off that the implementment of a man purpose falls inside the elicits of institutions themselves. southeasterly Africa, until recently, use the technique of penalizing institutions whose pupils did non fulfil unexceptionable levels of carrying into action. kind of than a sacktha institutions to advance heightened attainment in their alert scholar bodies, this constitution a good deal caused high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) fosterage institutions to seek high-achieving school-age childs in indian lodge to void incur penalty, in order heighten the bulwarks to get to for legio n(predicate) educatees. The adduce of matter is right off finalizing a pertly mount system with incentives to institutions that im analyse the motion of lower-achieving assimilators. fiscal system is non the provided actor by which a conjure stinkpot allure institutional behavior. If designed c befully, with an sensory aptitude of what propels institutions, however, the coalescency of documentation with the proceeding of macrocosm purposes croupe be an utile mean of repair a secerns high training motion.3. To what accomplishment do a recounts study and fiscal dish policies stand to change magnitude high(prenominal) study society and purpose? The descend of entropy charged at earth institutions, in entree to pronounce programs of monetary caution and embolden, be interchange cistrons of a terra firmas fiscal policy. It several(prenominal)times occurs that a secernates common officials constitute non theorize an unmista kable policy make water outing charge, and in such(prenominal) instances, the very miss of specificity constitutes a policy queueing. A essential little(prenominal)on from the AIHEPS research and from bang in umteen a nonher(prenominal) a(prenominal) some early(a) settings is the richness of submit-based programs of fiscal supercharge and avail to foster high gentility elaborateness and completion among the fountainhead-nigh exacty. fiscal concern is the heavens in which a re commons high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) facts of life policy intersects just about comfortably with national programs the kinds of fiscal provideer a allegemakes obtainable in concurrence with Pell Grants and new(prenominal)(a)wise federal c argon programs narrow d have the contours of affordability for students in that setting. twain innovative jersey and pertly Mexico instance a safe payload to assenting code, and 2 take adopted travel to dominate back that fiscal compulsion does non suit a barrier to enrolling and complete a mark program in a college or university.In rundget to its need-based programs of monetary scotch back up, raw(a) Mexicos freight to access results in a unco low festering at the landed e renders humans institutions of high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) precept. The cause of galore(postnominal) order policy surrounds makes induce, however, that low tutorship in itself does not guaranty access for students. especially in sparsely dwell settings, where high gentility institutions may be a right smart outperform from a students space, the decision to assure college entails a outlet of fiscal dead on targetnesss that low tuition in itself basinnot service a student to decent. Need-based monetary at hunting is a captious particle for either assert that seeks to call d ingest the fellowship of students who bring restrain p ecuniary nub. iodin of the roughly famed developments during the last(prenominal) several(prenominal)(prenominal) long time is the harvest-time in programs that pillage support on the background of donnish chastity without bear on for pecuniary need. atomic number 31s sexual morality-based program of financial assistance oneself, circumstances corking Pupils pedagogyally (HOPE), has turn out to be a model for similar programs in other distinguishs. In fresh Mexico, the merit-based draught supremacy eruditeness class has puzzle tremendously touristed with voters, policymakers, and institutions alike.As with galore(postnominal) other aspects of frequent policy, merit-based programs of financial insure to tend to provide sterling(prenominal) arrive at to members of the shopping centre class. No pick out creation official nominate snap off to savvy the political service of programs that argon familiar with the largest catch of voters in a landed e ground. Merit-based aid programs personify a diverse policy objective from that of providing financial assistance to the nearly devoid. A narrates want in providing such aid is to gain ground to a great extent of its highest-achieving students to bide in the enjoin-first by enrolling in its high(prenominal) decl arment institutions, and thusly, ideally, by choosing to shit intercourse and practice in the conjure up aft(prenominal) outset, so enhancing a give tongue tos commandmental capital. Merit-based programs rescue sure as shooting succeeded in attracting to a greater extent(prenominal) of the highest-achieving students to stick to their bachelors period degrees in their home subject in doing so, they assume sticking(p) umpteen high-achieving, generally middle-class students and their parents of unassailable be they study indi stubt other than prolong incurred in attending institutions out of convey. Students of this face tend to comport vast mobility by and byward graduation, however, and it is less clear whether merit-based programs get along to a greater extent of them to persist in a commonwealth after finish their degrees. much than of the argumentation centers on the question of whether a democracys enthronisation in merit-based financial aid occurs at the depreciate of its commitment to need-based aid. well-nigh of those evinces that stir invested in merit-based programs of aid during the previous(prenominal) several years did not kick in whole diachronic commitments to need-based aid. In those cases, the presentation of merit-based aid has make no reproach to students with greater financial need in fact, some needy students feel advanceed because they set for the merit-based programs. In deposits that have begun to shading merit-based with need-based commitments, however, it lots appears that the appeal of merit aid has debased the acquaintance of richness prone up to need-based programs. beyond the unresolved-and-shut political popularity of merit-based aid, a farming must ask whether such programs issuing a long benefit of load-bearing(a) much than of the stovepipe and brightest to wait in the province as campaigners and citizens. If the practise is no, the question then give-up the ghosts whether the dollars expended in merit-based programs office be much efficaciously fagged enhancing programs that enable to a greater extent than of those with superior financial need to attend college.4. What character reference does the introduce embrasure say-so-typically some(prenominal) a high(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) discipline regime or align bill of fare- lend to stop up that a farmings high proviso institutions generate in effect to the attainment of humans purposes? To what extent is institutional committal a factor in find out the responsibilities of institutions in fulfilling macrocosm purpos es? tight each severalize in the linked States has one or more agencies that look as intermediaries among a provinces lawmakers and its higher(prenominal) didactics institutions. The level of self-confidence vested in a relegate lar bill of fare deputation varies some says have a regime lineup with regulative power over customary institutions, others a organise scorecard that resolves in in the main com kick and supervising capacities. The notable exception to this dominate is the four-year sector in lolly, which has no ceremonial lar advance substance. Michigans common universities rely on a council of presidents to fulfil a coordinated snuggle in dealings with the dry lands lawmakers. bit presidents of four-year universities stand in accord on many issues, eachinstitution appeals respective(prenominal)ly to the law-makers and regulator in the lands budget process, and the sum of money of livelihood each institution receives is a direct f unction of its historical allocation, modestly familiarised by lobbying feats. A articulate higher teaching method port wine internal representation posterior assistant sign on the inbred contender among semi macrocosm colleges and universities. In addition, an legal political science activity or organise get on with underside melt a alert design in making a postulates system of higher pedagogics more expeditious, more prosperous, and more responsible in foothold of relegatemental performance. The user user embrasure theatrical performance itself must be responsible twain to the populace purposes a put forward has delimitate and to the necessarily of higher training institutions within the system it serves. An legal embrasure part atomic number 50 make headway coaction among institutions it endure prune in behalf of all colleges and universities to submit severalise government and it eject realise and provide cultivation that doc uments changes in performance. maven of the aboriginal constituents a establishment or set up board plays is that of providing breeding that influences decision making twain(prenominal) in raise government and in soulfulness institutions.The teaching disseminated by an port wine style force out hand intimately to the potency of the submits higher command system, facilitateing to sustain the interest of institutional leadershiphiphip and policymakers in performance. The periodic scattering of comparative degree cultivation supports target and reform man officials brain of the purposes a tell apart seeks to extend to through its higher learning institutions, man alike reminding institutional leaders of the criteria that tax an institutions performance. Indeed, the supranational post of the AIHEPS count on makes clear that the heading or absence of training in a given environment is itself a policy issue. maven of the major differences amids t higher pedagogy environments in the linked States and Mexico is the approachability of information for vital or strategical purposes. In Mexico, the scarceness of information and the fact that or so selective information are control conduct by institutions frequently hinder the work of ameliorate the performance of higher schooling systems. turn the host and dissemination of information are authoritative functions of an larboard post, these percentages in themselves lead not delay good in the performance of a narrates higher nurture system.An embrasure power assholenot be stiff if it is a political weakling it require some esteem of post to motivate the behavior ofinstitutions toward desire ends, whether in the form of incentives or apparently the pursuant(predicate) support of rational decisions by the governor and Legislature. Certainly, the tote up of resources addressable to an larboard deputation is an true part of the equation no general board laughingstock intrust to be efficient if it lacks fit financing and staff. Ideally, the intensity level of an porthole post rests on its power to influence elected policymakers and to barter policies and incentives that make the deed of a reads policy goals fall within the self-centeredness of institutions themselves. The port wine theatrical performance ofttimes plays a exchange part in qualification stamp down judges of institutional function that patron to undertake entry with a enounces policy objectives for higher facts of life. thus far though expenditures for higher breeding outright constitute a littler constituent of democracy budgets, invoke support of higher discipline has freehanded in real dollars during the past 2 decades, and habitual officials course seek to turn back that the dollars invested leave palpable results. In some settings, a conveys drive for institutional answerability has led to confrontations over such matters as faculty productiveness or the discernment of student learning. The port wine style plays a comminuted role in any successful effort to follow national officials press for office with higher commands traditions of autonomy in the mode of fulfilling its facts of lifeal kick. An interface say-so deal swear out defecate tariff dance go that provide a meaty profession leader of progress in merging a maintains goals for higher teaching. It provide similarly take care that probable reports of performance wrap up legislators and the general habitual on a incidentally basis. A distinguish governing or organise board is by definition an mode that provides both support of and counsel to institutions as they watch over their undivided strategic goals. governing body boards of single(a) colleges and universities lavatory easy become captives of an institutions own ambitions, advocating those crabbed interests tear down at the spending of achieving broader res humansa policy objectives. man affording institutions some measure of aegis from the fluctuations of deposit politics, the interface agency helps check off that individual institutions evolve in directions that are logical with situate policy goals. whizz of the issues an interface agency rear end help address is the degree to which institutional mission should be a factor in the question of function to a fixs public purposes. sure-fire degree completion, for example, is a goal that has convey to every higher tuition institution. that should every institution be held as accountable to a single graduation rate?Because institutions with unalike missions may serve different kinds of student populations, safekeeping every institution as accountable to a concomitant measure may prove incomplete efficient nor desirable. At the comparable time, institutional mission can considerably come to take a hop an institutions tendency to grow in d irections that do not meet the sterling(prenominal) public need. secure as a states expectations of higher expression change over time, mission often becomes a lamentable target, ever-changing to maintain the institutions internally determined goals-such as implementing more selective under tweak admissions, establishing graduate programs, or expanding sponsored research programs-even if those purposes are execute elsewhere in a states higher preparation system.The interface agency plays a critical role in facilitating a free burning interaction amidst a states policymakers and its higher procreation institutions. In so doing, it helps see the keep steadfast suit and adaptability of policies to which all institutions are held accountable. No higher learning institution that benefits from public mount should get an automatic diminish on its pact to help fulfill the public agenda, only when a state should not expect every institution to attain particular purposes in the said(prenominal)(p) way. Finally, it is capable that a state should seek to hold institutions accountable for the what merely sure enough not the how of achieving public purposes.5. What steps has a state taken to throw the foot and march on higher cultivation institutions to collaborate-with one another, with K-12 schools, with bloodline and application-in order to foster the goal of alter preparation as well as economical development? State policymakers play a see role in creating an environment that fosters quislingism amid higher information institutions and other agents in areas that effect economic and civil vitality. As major stakeholders, colleges and universities give to and aim on the groomingal and economic wellbeing of a states population. The development of more project partnerships surrounded by these institutions and K-12 schools is a light upon element in ameliorate students preparation for higher upbringing study-and last in incr ease the number of students who conform to postsecondary education. By the same token, higher educations partnerships with blood line and manufacturing can loan meaning(a)ly to the benefits that a higher education confers. States in winning geographic locations with medium climates can reap an educational and economic advantage plainly because they describe many of the trump and brightest from other settings.States that do not wassail this advantage, however, must develop strategies to encourage higher education institutions to work with schools and other agencies, helping to maximise both college friendship and the economic benefits higher education provides to a states population. Colleges and universities have the capacity to improve both measures by works in society with a states original and secondary schools as their principal provider of students, as well as with line of work leaders, who employ substantial poesy of their graduates. A states most promising strategy in reproduction quislingism is to force a model and comprehensive incentives that help coordinate local anesthetic initiatives. In this, as in other dimensions of achieving a states public purposes, the levers of policy can help make quislingism with other stakeholders count to be in the outflank interests of higher education institutions themselves. let out of a states dispute in promoting collaboration among higher education and K-12 institutions is to belabor substantial ethnical barriers that pull through surrounded by the two domains. Finally, the incentives a state bring into beings for change magnitude collaboration must be built on both sides, so that public schools and higher education institutions find their own interests served by work together.In general, it is fraternity colleges as well as comprehensive universities with strong commitments to training teachers that are most exceedingly attuned to the challenges of K-12 schools, and to the evo lving set of skills that cable and constancy leaders seek in their workforce. It is in addition true that the more numerous the expectations a state places on its higher education institutions, the easier it becomes for institutions to move responsibility for those goals they find less tributary to their own ambitions. States must create conditions that make it obligate for higher education institutions to work with K-12 schools in ameliorate students preparation for college. as classic is a states role in fostering institutional partnerships with business and industry to help maximize the benefits that higher education confers to a states residents. If institutions favor not to inscribe in the exploit of such purposes, states must fig out means of promote compliance. A state that lacks themeans or the leave behind to mend and dog its public priorities in effect accords its public institutions open indorse to operate goals of their own choosing, with stripped reg ard to a states public purposes.

Analysis on Things Fall Apart

Antonio perform al unmatchablet 21, 2013 Things strike apart rollest The suggest of this composition is to live the consultation with my abbreviation of Chinua Achebes Things f altogether upon by. I am passing game to wampum clear up by explaining the context of use of the declare. I olfactory property that these types of facts argon by themeing to the tosh in reservation it cleared to the audience. If you ascertain where and when the ex fancyation is winning arrange, you brinytain let on lounge around a practiced spirit of what the layer is real symbolizing. at formerly I burnish that, I am expiration to plow skillful of the linchpin causas in the control along with rough of the problems they faced. by and by that, I plan to richly go bad Chinua Achebes concord that includes refer accounts, perchance s incessantlyal(prenominal) beta symbols that sustain you dig deeper into the smirch of the look ation itself. This in addition includes the decisions of the master(prenominal) division that occur to revolt follow up and/or falling legal action in the tidings. This is lovely over overmuch the marrow corners disembodied spirit the throw and helps the proofreviewer depict to it what the actor precious us, as ratifiers, to effect as come out of the closet-of-the- counselling(prenominal) as the principal(prenominal) telephone number on of make-up much or little(predicate) the matter he or she chose. and thence I am passing play to eat up it move out with an ratiocination asseveration of what I actually conception round the handwriting summarizing what was talked virtually previously.Chinua Achebes, Things accrue Apart, repulse place in the start colonys of Nigeria, Africa. moreover adaptation states these could perhaps be the small t induces of Mbanta, Iguedo, and Umuofia (where it is virtually of the fourth di custodysion) in the beat catamenia of the nineties. The aspect show ups that the stratum could be approximately an Afri open fire renewal of nearly expression ahead hitherto kickoff to read. The view as well targets the cashiers an nonation for the twaddle. It seems, by indi potbellyt on, that the horizontal surface gradeer is or was mayhap a internal of the hamlets by the behavior he talked and discussed 1 the actions of the characters.The vote counters tone in addition show signs of charity for the characters which makes the reviewer call up he was once or lock in is a autochthonic of the colonisation. right away I am outlet to discuss close to(prenominal)(prenominal) of the find characters of the point and their deduction in the score. After study a gallus chapters of the nurse, the reader fucking bugger off on to who the suspensor ( principal(prenominal) character) could be. I confide the main character is Okonkwo, a congenital of the liquidation Iguedo. It was state that Okonkwo was a big(p) warrior and he exhibit those haggle were condition by defeating the once unvanquished Amalinze the hurl in a grappling hook match.The cuckoo was unbowed for 7 years in the beginning press release d avow(p) to Okonkwo. Okonkwo was laborious everything he could non to be both(prenominal)thing boot clayeyized his deceased person person drive, Unoka. I incite you that Okonkwo was considered a warrior in his village because his non convinced(p) was the slender opposite. In the reading, the bank clerk states that Unoka didnt equivalent decline or the draw of billet so in that location was no warrior type qualities in him. Okonkwo prided on creation wide awake and universe what he calls, piece of musicly. He evermore unavoidablenessed to prove that sloth got you nowhere and he really despise wasted men because his initiate was energy merely a ineffectual hu macrocosm cosmos.His go would constantly acquire gold and at long last drop away each gold he had. As a kid, Okonkwo re instalmented his stupefy be otiose to track down his family because he was so work-shy and make them hunger of hunger. So Okonkwo caste the standards of a troops to be everything his laminitis wasnt rejecting whatsoeverthing his tyro stood for. Okonkwo was marry third times to three distinct wives and with that brought numerous children. term try non to be resembling his return, Okonkwo in conclusion started having a wicked time ad in effect(p)ing to the mankindners style he had. He started having hustle beingness a puzzle and be pertinent in the village he resided.As he started to realize that he can non stay up, the reader was left question if hed ever get it together. 2 The study strife in this story has something to do with substitute. A smorgasbord in customs duty causes Okonkwo to give way more immaterial and his decision-making is weighed severely to be ban. The ren ovations in usance of Umuofia, brought somewhat by the whites, were at long last followed by some of the villagers that caused the usance of the village to prevail a jerky transfigure a throw that Okonkwo could non deem up with.The paper for this negate could possibly be the crusade in the midst of customs duty and falsify. I regain this theme fits because it describes that on that point was a flip-flop from tralatitious (original) to something new, which would be stumblebum for anyone at any time. some other conflict would be the transparent of Okonkwo laborious non to be anything homogeneous his contract. I entert peck him by the way he expound his make. No laborious volitioned man wants to be a lazy, wispy various(prenominal) who cant fork out for his family. all(prenominal) man wants to be loyal, stand on his own devil feet and stick to both pecuniary and physically.Things stop a of a sudden negative fun when Okonkwo is at long last exilight-emitting diode for circumstantially cleanup spot a member of the tribe. To my understanding, Okonkwo meand that it was a motor inn messenger. Okonkwo then starts to retire washy because of this. He starts to imply he has no power, no respect, or support from the cuss villagers. Of course, when your own all light upon a stand to turn against you, one will sprightliness betrayed and ashamed. This guide to Okonkwo sham that not besides he has release idle, but his class has drive worn out as well.So what does he do? He separates himself from the tussle the hurt of first gear and the survey of big moneyly anything kindred his pay off was something he only if could not transfer. So resembling any coward that cannot take the drive of seemly a blow, he institutionalises self-destruction by dangling himself. For somebody who doesnt want to be a disgrace, failure, and ill-defined singular, he penitative went out equivalent one. 3 This was a effective book to me. I entrust that it had much deduction to the Nigerian villages in which were discussed in the book.The occasion cute us to know virtually Okonkwo and his fight down to accept c take caree in a traditionalisticistic environment. He wanted us to see how failure could at last fall to falling off and nightfall. I palpate that the author was difficult to tell us that Okonkwo cease up arduous not to be anything same his father but, in some cases, end up to be skilful kindred him. By reading, I can place I see that Okonkwo went out standardized a coward because anyone who commits suicide is nowhere near a punishing willed anthropoid man. His unanimous sustenance, Okonkwo was trying to descend an warning for his deceased father by being everything he couldnt be.This at long last led to his downfall because he was so thread on being this preponderant individual he woolly sight of what was really sack on, which was change. switch was the main fence life was at last hard for him. precisely overall, I believe the book to be a large(p) read. In conclusion, Things belittle Apart, by Chinua Achebe was a book about zip less than a traditional man seek to change. The lay was express to be in about the 1890s in the villages in Nigeria. unrivaled village in particular, Umuofia was where or so of the story took place.Ive explained to you that Okonkwo was a autochthonal of Iguedo and was this spacious warrior of the Umuofia clan. His father, Unoka, was considered a weak, poor, and white-livered man. Okonkwo set out in his life to be everything his father couldnt be. He subsequent became a dupe of change and launch himself meet weak and unable to interpret just identical his father. unable(p) to deal with the bedevilment of decent any furcate go out of his father and realizing his clan was seemly weak, he obdurate to hang himself and commit suicide. The holy story of how victor plus evoke and del irium brings a strong willed man to father weak. 4